CLONE    SURGICAL INSEMINATION

 

The surgical procedure for the inseminating with thawed frozen semen was initiated about 1994 when practitioners from frozen semen organizations were having no success with getting litters from the use of frozen semen. This method is also used by veterinarians not able to master the trans-cervical insemination technique and not having access to fiber optics. As surgical insemination involves anesthetizing the bitch it is always more stressful for the bitch and also more riskier.